Differenze tra le versioni di "Levetta di fondo/en"

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Il caricamento a ''levetta di fondo'', detto anche ''caricamento a leva posteriore'', è una particolare versione di caricamento a leva ideato dalla [[Aurora]] ed utilizzato a partire all'incirca dal 1930 per il modello [[Internazionale]], ed in seguito usato anche sulla [[Novum]]. Non sono note, anche se esistono vari brevetti con meccanismi simili, varianti del sistema utilizzate da altri produttori tranne lo [[switch filler]] della [[Pilot]], che presenta alcune affinità, in particolare con la variante adottata in un secondo tempo sulle [[Superna]].
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<noinclude>{{ReferBox|Filling systems}}</noinclude>The ''top lever filler'' is a particular lever filling system used by [[Aurora]] from around 1930 for the [[Internazionale]] model, and later also on the [[Novum]]. The first version of this filling system however, was used by [[Curzon]] for the ''[[Top Lever]]'' model (later renamed ''[[Debrett's]]'') of 1926. Since the patent of the ''[[Top Lever]]'' ({{Cite patent|GB|273357}} and {{Cite patent|FR|628272}} which is even more similar to the mechanism found on the [[Aurora]]) is from 1926, it is incorrect to attribute the invention of this system to the [[Aurora]]. There are no other known variants of the system used by other manufacturers except the [[switch filler]] of the [[Pilot]], which has some similarities, in particular with the variant of this system adopted later on the [[Superna]] model.
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[[Image:levetta di fondo.jpg|thumb|250px|Schema di una penna con caricamento a ''levetta di fondo'' ]]
 
  
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In sostanza il caricamento a ''levetta di fondo'' realizza una sorta di incrocio fra il principio della leva ed il meccanismo usato nel caricamento a [[pulsante di fondo]]. In questo questo caso la levetta è molto corta e posizionata su una fessura praticata sul fondo della penna, la leva deve essere alzata dalla sua posizione di riposo, in cui è ripiegata dentro il fondello, ed a quel punto spingendola ulteriormente si va ad azionare una barra di pressione interna analoga a quelle usate nel caricamento a [[pulsante di fondo]], che inarcandosi comprime il serbatoio.
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[[File:TopLeverFillerSchema.svg|500px|center|Diagram of a pen with ''top lever filler'' ]]
  
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Il sistema è piuttosto complesso e delicato (date le piccole dimensioni della leva gli sforzi da applicare sono maggiori), e per evitare di deformare il corpo della penna l'[[Aurora]] inseriva un rinforzo all'interno dello stesso (realizzato con un sottile cilindro metallico di alluminio inserito sulla superficie interna) che riduce ulteriormente lo spazio disponibile per il sacchetto.  
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In essence the ''top lever filler'' creates a sort of combination between the principle of the lever and the mechanism used in the [[button filler]]. In this case the lever is very short and positioned on a slot made on the bottom of the pen, the lever must be raised from its resting position, in which it is folded inside the bottom, and at that point pushing it further you go to operate an internal pressure bar similar to those used in the [[button filler]], which arching compresses the sac.  
  
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Il meccanismo consente di evitare la presenza di un fondello di copertura del [[pulsante di fondo]], e dei relativi problemi di smarrimento, al costo di una certa complessità meccanica. La sua principale ragione d'essere, a parte quella di distinguersi dagli altri produttori, resta però quella prevalentemente estetica di evitare una fessura su un lato della penna.
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The system is rather complex and delicate (given the small size of the lever the efforts to be applied are greater), and to avoid deforming the body of the pen [[Aurora]] inserted a reinforcement inside the same (made with a thin metal cylinder of aluminum inserted on the inner surface) that further reduces the space available for the sac.  
  
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Una variante del sistema, introdotta sempre dall'[[Aurora]] con il modello [[Superna]], prevede il montaggio della levetta di fondo in posizione verticale; la levetta viene montata all'interno di una struttura in alluminio inserita sul fondo della penna, che si cura di assorbire gli sforzi. La levetta emerge da una cupola a forma semisferica e può essere azionata tramite una pallina di plastica posta sulla estremità esterna.  In questo caso si accede al meccanismo svitando il fondello e si carica la penna spingendo la leva tramite la pallina.<noinclude>
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The mechanism allows to avoid the presence of the blind cap of the [[button filler]], and the related problems of loss, at the cost of a certain mechanical complexity. Its main purpose, apart from distinguishing itself from other manufacturers, however, it is mainly to aesthetically pleasing avoiding a gap on one side of the pen.
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==Brevetti correlati==
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{{ListaBrevettiFeature|Levetta di fondo}}
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A variant of the system, also introduced by the [[Aurora]] with the [[Superna]] model, involves the mounting of the bottom lever in a vertical position; the lever is mounted inside an aluminium structure inserted in the bottom of the pen, which takes care to absorb the stresses. The lever emerges from a hemispherical shaped dome and can be operated by means of a plastic ball placed on the external end.  In this case, the mechanism is accessed by unscrewing the bottom blind cap and charging the pen by pushing the lever through the ball.<noinclude>
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==Materiale disponibile ==
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==Related Patents==
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{{FeatureMaterialGallery|Levetta di fondo}}
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{{ListsPatentsFeature|Levetta di fondo}}
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{{CategorizeArticle|Tecnica|Vocabolario|Sistemi di caricamento|Glossary|Technology|Filling systems}}
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[[Category:Translated Pages]]
 
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Versione attuale delle 15:27, 8 set 2021

Filling systems

The top lever filler is a particular lever filling system used by Aurora from around 1930 for the Internazionale model, and later also on the Novum. The first version of this filling system however, was used by Curzon for the Top Lever model (later renamed Debrett's) of 1926. Since the patent of the Top Lever (nº GB-273357 and nº FR-628272 which is even more similar to the mechanism found on the Aurora) is from 1926, it is incorrect to attribute the invention of this system to the Aurora. There are no other known variants of the system used by other manufacturers except the switch filler of the Pilot, which has some similarities, in particular with the variant of this system adopted later on the Superna model.

Diagram of a pen with top lever filler

In essence the top lever filler creates a sort of combination between the principle of the lever and the mechanism used in the button filler. In this case the lever is very short and positioned on a slot made on the bottom of the pen, the lever must be raised from its resting position, in which it is folded inside the bottom, and at that point pushing it further you go to operate an internal pressure bar similar to those used in the button filler, which arching compresses the sac.

The system is rather complex and delicate (given the small size of the lever the efforts to be applied are greater), and to avoid deforming the body of the pen Aurora inserted a reinforcement inside the same (made with a thin metal cylinder of aluminum inserted on the inner surface) that further reduces the space available for the sac.

The mechanism allows to avoid the presence of the blind cap of the button filler, and the related problems of loss, at the cost of a certain mechanical complexity. Its main purpose, apart from distinguishing itself from other manufacturers, however, it is mainly to aesthetically pleasing avoiding a gap on one side of the pen.

A variant of the system, also introduced by the Aurora with the Superna model, involves the mounting of the bottom lever in a vertical position; the lever is mounted inside an aluminium structure inserted in the bottom of the pen, which takes care to absorb the stresses. The lever emerges from a hemispherical shaped dome and can be operated by means of a plastic ball placed on the external end. In this case, the mechanism is accessed by unscrewing the bottom blind cap and charging the pen by pushing the lever through the ball.

Related Patents

  • Patent n° GB-297194, of 1928-09-20, requested on 1927-08-06, of Arthur Stanley Jones, Conway Stewart. Improvements in or relating to Fountain Pens.
  • Patent n° US-1733780, of 1929-10-29, requested on 1927-05-14, of Frank C. Deli, William D. Groseclose, Autopoint. Filling device for fountain pens.
  • Patent n° DE-497949, of 1930-06-13, requested on 1928-10-21, Osmia. Fuellfederhalter mit Tintenfuelleinrichtung.
  • Patent n° DE-499497, of 1930-06-13, requested on 1928-10-21, Osmia. Fuellfederhalter mit Tintenfuelleinrichtung.
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